89 MPG combined is exceptional. Arriving as a performance sedan with all-wheel drive and seating for five (or even seven with the optional rear-facing jump seats), this high-efficiency figure from the 2016 Tesla Model S (90 kW-hr battery pack) redefines what’s possible in the large luxury segment. This isn’t a hybrid squeezing every last drop from a gallon of gasoline; it’s pure electric propulsion, transforming electrons into effortless acceleration and near-silent cruising. For those cross-shopping traditional gasoline-powered vehicles, these numbers represent a tantalizing glimpse into a future free from gas stations.

City and highway performance

The EPA numbers for the 2016 Model S 90D are consistent across different driving environments. The 88 MPG city and 90 MPG highway estimates underscore the electric powertrain’s inherent efficiency, whether navigating stop-and-go traffic or gliding down the open road. Unlike internal combustion engines, which often suffer efficiency losses in city driving due to idling and frequent acceleration, the Model S thrives in urban settings, where regenerative braking captures energy to recharge the battery. The slight uptick in highway MPG simply reflects the electric motor operating at peak efficiency during sustained, moderate-speed cruising. The Model S’s aerodynamic design also enables it to slip through the air with minimal resistance. The car’s ability to minimize consumption under a variety of real-world conditions is a large part of the Tesla’s broad appeal.

Annual fuel cost

The EPA estimates that the annual fuel cost for the 2016 Tesla Model S (90 kW-hr battery pack) is only $850. This figure is based on driving 15,000 miles per year, with electricity prices calculated using the national average. This is a significant departure from the thousands of dollars typically spent on gasoline for comparable luxury sedans.

Your actual electricity costs may vary depending on your local utility rates, time-of-use pricing plans, and driving habits. Considering these variables, the Model S almost always delivers substantial savings at the “pump”—or in this case, the charging port.

Real-world expectations

While the EPA estimates offer a valuable benchmark, real-world range and efficiency depend heavily on driver behavior and environmental conditions. Aggressive acceleration, high speeds, and frequent use of climate control can all reduce range. Careful driving, moderate speeds, and pre-conditioning the cabin while plugged in can extend it. Many owners report that achieving the EPA-rated range of around 294 miles is entirely feasible with conscientious driving. The touchscreen display allows drivers to monitor energy consumption in real-time, adjusting their driving style to optimize range and efficiency. The 90 kWh battery provides a significant advantage over earlier Model S trims, offering a buffer against range anxiety and enabling longer road trips with fewer charging stops.

How it compares

Compared to traditional gasoline-powered luxury sedans, the 2016 Tesla Model S (90 kW-hr battery pack) stands in a class of its own regarding fuel economy. For example, the 2016 BMW 750i xDrive achieves only 19 MPG combined, while the Mercedes-Benz S550 4MATIC manages 20 MPG. Consider the Porsche Panamera 4S, a sporting sedan with 22 MPG combined, or even a highly-efficient non-hybrid luxury vehicle like the Audi A7 3.0T at 24 MPG combined; the Model S is still clearly superior. Buyers prioritizing minimal running costs and less gas will find the Model S a good choice.

While plug-in hybrids like the BMW 530e offer a hybrid alternative at around 72 MPGe combined with a full charge, they don’t deliver the same pure electric range and low operating costs as the Model S. Potential rivals today like the Lucid Air are in another class and price tier completely. Drivers can view all Tesla fuel economy data on this website. For more information, check the MODEL MPG across all years.

Tips to maximize efficiency

Use regenerative braking by lifting off the accelerator pedal smoothly. This feature not only slows the car down but also converts kinetic energy back into electricity, effectively increasing range. Familiarize yourself with the “Chill” driving mode, which reduces acceleration and thus energy consumption. While it might not be ideal for every driving situation, engaging Chill mode during everyday commuting can noticeably improve efficiency.

Pre-condition the cabin while the car is plugged in, especially during extreme temperatures. By heating or cooling the interior using grid power instead of the battery, you can conserve significant energy when you drive. This is especially important for owners in areas with extreme seasons, where demand for cabin heating and cooling is higher.

Monitor your tire pressure regularly and keep tires properly inflated. Underinflated tires increase rolling resistance, which can significantly reduce range. Check the recommended tire pressure on the driver’s side door jamb and adhere to it for optimal efficiency, performance, and safety. Keeping this simple tip in mind will save you money.

Plan your trips strategically, using Tesla’s Supercharger network for long-distance journeys. The navigation system automatically routes you through Supercharger locations, minimizing downtime and maximizing efficiency. The charging network is constantly growing, and the availability of DC fast charging opens the potential for cross-country travel at zero emissions.